ことに details
fun + to my surprise/regret/delight, X — fronts a reaction word to comment on the clause that follows
tanoshii koto ni
to my surprise/regret/delight, X — fronts a reaction word to comment on the clause that follows
驚いたことに、彼は試験に一発で合格した。
odoroita koto ni, kare wa shiken ni ippatsu de goukaku shita.
To my surprise, he passed the exam on his very first try. neutral
意外なことに、あいつ、ちゃんと約束守ったんだよ。
igai na koto ni, aitsu, chanto yakusoku mamotta n da yo.
Surprisingly, that guy actually kept his promise! casual
- i-adjective
- na-adjective
Examples
to my surprise/regret/delight, X — fronts a reaction word to frame the whole clause that follows as unexpected or notable
驚いたことに、彼は試験に一発で合格した。
odoroita koto ni, kare wa shiken ni ippatsu de goukaku shita.
To my surprise, he passed the exam on his very first try. neutral
意外なことに、あいつ、ちゃんと約束守ったんだよ。
igai na koto ni, aitsu, chanto yakusoku mamotta n da yo.
Surprisingly, that guy actually kept his promise! casual
嬉しいことに、雨がやんで、無事に運動会が行われた。
ureshii koto ni, ame ga yande, buji ni undoukai ga okonawareta.
Happily, the rain let up and the sports day went ahead without a hitch. neutral
幸いなことに、大きな被害はございませんでした。
saiwai na koto ni, ooki na higai wa gozaimasen deshita.
Fortunately, there was no major damage. formal
Formation
限られた反応動詞のた形+ことに(驚いた・困った・呆れた)attaches to verb stem (special attachment){I}ことにattaches to i-adjective{NA-stem}なことにattaches to na-adjective
Related patterns
Similar
Both intensify an emotion word, but ことに fronts the feeling as commentary on a SEPARATE clause that follows (驚いたことに、彼は来なかった — the surprise stands outside the reported event), while てならない makes the feeling itself the sentence's own main predicate (心配でならない — the worry IS what's being said).
Lookalikes
The identical fragment ことに opens both, but here it is a bare noun こと + に marking the whole clause as a fronted comment (残念なことに), while ことになる/ことにする attach straight after a VERB to report a decision or arrangement (延期することになった) — skim past what precedes ことに and "surprisingly" reads as "it was decided."
Same こと, unrelated jobs — ことか closes a sentence as a rhetorical exclamation on the clause just stated (どれだけ嬉しかったことか), while ことに opens a sentence, fronting a feeling word to comment on the clause that follows (嬉しいことに、合格した) — one wraps a sentence up, the other winds one up.
Same meaning
to my surprise; fortunately — a reaction before the news
no other patterns in this meaning class yet